Хлиновський кремль, Federal cultural heritage site in Kirov, Russia.
The Khlynov Kremlin was a wooden fortress of about 4 hectares, protected by the steep river bank and the Zasora ravine on the south and east and by an artificial ditch on the west and north. Its wall held towers, three embrasures for small cannon and two log town-houses. No tower or wall fragment survives; only parts of the posad earth rampart remain, in six spots of the old town.
The wooden fortress was built around 1455–1457, during the Vyatka Republic's struggle against Moscow within the Galich coalition of northern Russian cities. It covered about 4 hectares, protected by the steep river bank and the Zasora ravine to the south and east and by an artificial ditch to the west and north. After Vyatka's annexation by Moscow in 1489 the defences were strengthened further, and in 1656 the Vyatka and Great Perm diocese placed its bishop's seat inside the kremlin. The walls were dismantled after the fire of 1700 and the city replanning of the 1780s.
The name Khlynov survives in the chronicles of the Vyatka land, and the site's later role was ecclesiastical: from 1656 the Vyatka and Great Perm diocese placed its bishop's court inside the former fort. By the 18th century the enclosure held the Trinity and Nicholas cathedrals, the bishop's stone house, consistory chambers, stables, a smithy, cellars and coach houses.
No towers or wall fragments of the Khlynov Kremlin survive; only six remnants of the posad rampart can be seen in the old town, for example in the courtyard of houses No. 20 and 22 on Herzen Street and in the southwest corner of the Apollon children's park. The kremlin rampart itself is gone. Look for these low earthen traces rather than standing walls.
No tower or wall fragment of the Khlynov Kremlin survives; only the earthen rampart of the posad remains, visible in six spots of the old town, among them the courtyard of houses 20 and 22 on Gertsen Street by the Zasora ravine and the corner of the Apollon children's park.
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