Gernikako Arbola, Historical oak tree at Assembly House in Gernika, Spain
Gernikako Arbola is an oak tree standing in front of the Assembly House in Gernika, Spain. The current specimen was planted in 2015 after its predecessor suffered from fungal disease, and it grows within a fenced enclosure beside the historic building.
The first documented oak at this site dates to the 14th century and became the setting for ceremonial meetings between Spanish monarchs and Basque representatives. Subsequent trees replaced their predecessors, with each new sapling descended from the older ones to maintain symbolic continuity.
The oak appears in the coat of arms of Bizkaia and serves as the location where Basque government leaders take their oaths of office. These ceremonies continue a tradition that has linked political authority to this spot for centuries.
The grounds are open daily and allow visitors to view the oak at close range. Information panels around the site explain the significance of the tree and its role in Basque history.
New specimens grow from acorns or cuttings taken from previous trees, maintaining a biological line spanning more than six centuries. This botanical succession approach ensures that each tree carries a genetic legacy from its predecessors.
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