Santa Maria de Roses, Benedictine monastery in Roses, Spain

Santa Maria de Roses is a Benedictine monastery within the Ciutadella de Roses fortress, featuring a basilica with three naves, a transept, and three apses. The remains of a cloister are also preserved within this fortified complex.

The monastery began as the church of Santa Maria de Rodes, founded in the late 8th or early 9th century by monks fleeing the destroyed monastery of Magrígul. In 960 the community became an independent abbey under Count Gausfred I of Empúries and Rosselló. A new church was built from 1022 and consecrated on 3 January 1053. The abbey declined from the 15th century and was destroyed by French troops during the siege of Roses in 1794–1795.

The monastery shows how Lombard architectural methods were adopted early in Spain, clearly visible in its Romanesque design elements. This building style shaped religious architecture across the region.

The monastery ruins lie inside the Ciutadella de Roses, the walled fortress begun in the mid-16th century, and form part of the Museu de la Ciutadella de Roses. Visitors reach them on foot through the fortress enclosure, following the museum circuit; the excavated area includes the rebuilt central apse and the later doorway. The site is covered by the heritage protection rules that apply to the whole Ciutadella complex.

The monastery's name changed only in the early 14th century: Latin documents called it Sancta Maria Rodensis or Sancta Maria de Rodis, after the Rodes range and the Greek colony of Rhodes. The later form Sancta Maria de Rosis gradually replaced it.