Fort X

Fort X features original fortification elements including defensive walls, galleries, and a redoubt structure built according to Prussian military specifications.

The Prussian army constructed Fort X between 1819 and 1825 as part of a network of eleven fortifications to protect the Rhine region after Napoleon's defeat.

Garden director Fritz Encke transformed the military structure into a public green space in 1921, creating a symmetrical rose garden with 2000 plants.

The fort complex includes walking paths, benches, and a pavilion, offering visitors access to both historical architecture and botanical displays throughout the year.

During World War II, the fort's underground chambers and defense galleries served as air raid shelters for local residents seeking protection from bombardments.

Location: Neustadt-Nord

Inception: 1819

Part of: Forts in Cologne

GPS coordinates: 50.95732,6.96140

Latest update: May 14, 2025 22:39