Fort X

Fort X is a fortified site with rose garden in Neustadt-Nord that features defensive embankments, gun galleries, and a multi-sided layout. The grounds blend the original military structures with formally arranged flower beds and landscaped areas that run through the former defense works.

The Prussians built this site between 1819 and 1825 as part of a larger defense system following Napoleon's defeat. In the middle of the 20th century, residents used the underground passages as shelter during air raids.

The place draws its identity from its military past, yet today the rose garden defines its character and attracts visitors especially during blooming season. The symmetrical layout of the beds and variety of roses show how the former earthworks were transformed into a space for relaxation and plant appreciation.

The site has marked trails, benches, and a pavilion that are accessible year-round. Plan time to explore both the architecture and botanical displays at your own pace.

The site was transformed in 1921 by garden director Fritz Encke from a pure military fortress into a public green space. This conversion is remarkable because it shows how war structures were repurposed for peaceful use in times of peace.

Location: Neustadt-Nord

Inception: 1819

Part of: Forts in Cologne

GPS coordinates: 50.95772,6.96155

Latest update: December 8, 2025 19:56