Poutní areál Horní Police, Pilgrimage site in Horní Police, Czech Republic
Poutní areál Horní Police is a Baroque pilgrimage complex built from 1689 to designs by Giulio Broggio and finished by his son Octavio in 1723. It consists of the three-nave Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary, whose sacristy has a U-shaped plan, a three-winged ambulatory with chapels, a cemetery and a three-winged arcade building of the former deanery. The church interior holds a two-storey gallery, rare beyond the borderlands.
A Gothic parish church is documented here as early as 1291. After a wooden statue of the Virgin Mary was taken from the Ploučnice in 1523, pilgrims multiplied; the 1682 pilgrimage drew 4,000 people. Duke Julius Franz of Saxe-Lauenburg had the small church demolished, and from 1689 Julius Broggio and then his son Octavio built the Baroque complex, completed in 1723 under Duchess Anna Maria Franziska.
The pilgrimage tradition began when a wooden statue of the Virgin Mary, washed up by the Ploučnice in 1523, was placed on the main altar of the parish church. The statue, called Mater gravida, is 75 cm tall and is dressed in several sets of small clothes that are changed according to the church holidays. The pilgrimage, culminating in the Cherry Pilgrimage, lasted up to eight days and drew around 35,000 pilgrims in 1724.
The pilgrimage area stands in the centre of Horní Police, in the Českolipsko region, with the church, the three-winged ambulatory with chapels, the cemetery and the three-winged arcideaconry building grouped together. The arcideaconry keeps Baroque vaults on its ground floor. The site was extensively renovated in 2019–2020, with further repairs continuing afterwards.
The statue of the Pregnant Virgin Mary, called Mater gravida, is about 75 cm tall and is credited with roughly 160 miracles. Its carver was probably an amateur who gave it disproportionately large hands. The pregnancy is modestly hidden under several sets of dresses that are changed according to the feasts.
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