Fortress of Santa Cruz, Military fortress in Jurujuba, Niterói, Brazil
The Fortress of Santa Cruz da Barra stands at the entrance of Guanabara Bay with thick stone walls and multiple defensive positions overlooking the ocean. The structure includes dungeons, chambers, and chapels that visitors can explore throughout the site.
The fortress was founded in 1555 during colonial times and received major expansions after 1557 when Portuguese forces reclaimed it from French invaders. These transformations reflected changing defense needs.
The fortress displays Portuguese military design through its chambers, dungeons, and Chapel of Santa Barbara, which visitors can still see today. These spaces reflect the skills and beliefs that shaped colonial life here.
Visitors can explore the fortress on most days and see the defensive structures, underground areas, and historical spaces. It is best to wear sturdy shoes since the ground is uneven and some staircases are steep.
The fortress served at times as a prison for political detainees from the colonial and independence periods. Its last cannon fire occurred in 1955 at a warship, marking the end of its military service.
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