Fynbos, Plant formation in Western Cape, South Africa
This plant formation in the Western Cape grows on nutrient-poor soils and includes small shrubs with fine leaves such as proteas, heathers and restios. The vegetation forms dense low thickets that spread over hills and coastal plains throughout the region.
Scientists first described this vegetation in the 18th century during botanical expeditions at the Cape. The plant community evolved over millions of years on the ancient weathered soils of the region and adapted to regular fires.
The name comes from Dutch colonists who called these plants fine bush because of their needle-like leaves. Today people harvest selected species for traditional medicine and weaving across the region.
The best months for observation are July through November when many species flower in the national parks. You can find this plant formation along coastal trails and in the hills where paths wind through low vegetation.
This vegetation holds about 9,000 plant species in a relatively small area making it one of the most diverse regions outside tropical rainforests. Many plants only germinate after a fire because flames crack open their hard seed coats.
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