Mount Ramelau, Mountain summit in Ainaro district, Timor-Leste.

Mount Ramelau is a summit in the Ainaro district that reaches approximately 2,986 meters in elevation. The route to the peak passes through eucalyptus forests and combines stone steps with dirt paths across varying terrain.

In 1944 the book Timor: subsídios para a sua história recorded a triangulation marker on the summit, inscribed "Portugal – alto Império que o sol logo em nascente vê primeiro." During the colonial period the mountain was the highest point of Portugal, and it is now the second highest in all former Portuguese colonies after Pico da Neblina in Brazil at 2,993 m.

The peak holds a statue of Virgin Mary that draws Catholic pilgrims to the site, particularly during annual celebrations in March. Visitors encounter religious symbols that reflect the deep connection local people maintain with this location.

Two marked routes reach the summit: from Hato Bulico, 3 km to the northeast, with about 910 m of climbing and roughly four hours for a fit walker, or from Aimeta, 6 km north, about six hours and requiring a local guide. The Hato Bulico track was cut as a pilgrimage trail and is now badly degraded by washouts, with no potable water or settlements beyond the trailheads. Camping is possible on the saddle below the summit in the dry season; the summit can freeze then, and wet-season wind and rain bring hypothermia risk. Hato Bulico is a 1.5–2 hour four-wheel-drive drive from Maubisse.

The summit holds a three-metre statue of the Virgin Mary, made in Italy and installed in 1997 during the Indonesian occupation. Local belief holds that the spirits of the dead from the Ainaro region go to the top of Tatamailau. In 1944 a triangulation marker was set at the highest point, then the loftiest in the Portuguese empire.