Mount Royal, Mountain in Montreal, Canada
Mount Royal is a hill in Montreal with three peaks: Colline de la Croix at 233 m, Colline d'Outremont at 211 m, and Westmount Summit at 201 m. It is the deep extension of a volcanic complex active about 125 million years ago, mainly gabbro. A 31.4 m metal cross stands on Colline de la Croix.
Jacques Cartier climbed the hill in 1535 and named it Mount Royal in honour of King Francis I of France, not after a hometown. Paul de Chomedey de Maisonneuve planted a cross on its slopes in 1643 after a flood spared the settlement. The park was inaugurated on 24 May 1876, and the present 31.4-metre metal cross, funded by a public subscription, was completed in 1924.
The hill's name comes from Jacques Cartier, who in 1535 recorded it as "le mont Royal" in honour of King Francis I; the spelling Mont Réal later shaped the name Montréal. A metal cross of 31.4 m, funded by a public subscription and completed in 1924, crowns the summit and has been lit by optical fibre since 1992.
The main entrance is on Avenue du Parc, while other access points are reachable from the Plateau and Westmount neighborhoods. In winter, the trails are suitable for snowshoeing and cross-country skiing, while in summer several lookouts provide shade and benches.
The illuminated summit cross stands 31 meters (102 feet) tall and can be seen from almost any point in the city. The cross was once used to indicate the weather: white light meant snow, red meant rain, and blue meant clear conditions.
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