Gate of Spalen, Medieval fortified tower in Basel, Switzerland.
The Gate of Spalen is a city gate with a square central tower 40.3 metres high, flanked by two round towers 28.15 metres high that project into the former moat. The gate walls are two metres thick on the outer side and 1.60 metres on the inner side. Above the arch, a red sandstone Basel coat of arms held by two lions supports a statue of Mary with the Child on a crescent moon, flanked by two prophets; the originals from around 1400 are kept in the Historical Museum.
The Spalentor was first documented in 1387 and finished around 1400, part of the outer wall begun in 1362 after the 1356 earthquake. It guarded the road to Alsace. In 1859 Basel decided to demolish its walls; this gate survived with St. Johanns-Tor and St. Alban-Tor and was restored in 1933.
The gate's outer facade carries a Basel coat of arms carved in red sandstone and held by two lions, above the arch. Higher up stands an over-life-size statue of the city's patron, Mary with the Child on a crescent moon, flanked by two prophets under tall canopies. The originals, made around 1400, are kept in the Historical Museum; copies are mounted on the building.
The gate sits near bus and tram stops, making it easily accessible by public transportation. The surrounding area is walkable, with good sightlines to other medieval buildings nearby.
The outer wall that the gate belonged to was built partly with debris from the 1356 earthquake and with Jewish gravestones from Basel's first Jewish cemetery, destroyed in the violence of 1348. Most of these stones were lost when the walls were demolished in the 1850s; ten remaining ones are shown in the courtyard of the Jewish Museum of Switzerland.
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