Geography of Germany, Physical territory in Central Europe.
The geography of Germany covers the physical territory of this Central European country from the northern coastlines to the southern mountain ranges. Between these extremes lie lowlands, rolling hills, and plateaus crossed by major waterways like the Rhine, Elbe, and Danube.
Celtic and Germanic tribes inhabited this territory in ancient times before parts of it came under Roman rule. For many centuries the land remained divided into numerous smaller domains until it was unified in the 19th century.
The name Deutschland comes from an old Germanic word for the people and has been used since medieval times. Rivers and mountain ranges shaped where towns, fortresses, and roads were built over many centuries.
The country borders seas to the north, mountains to the south, and shares boundaries with nine neighboring nations. Travelers crossing the territory can rely on well-maintained routes and clear signage in most regions.
The northernmost point sits on the island of Sylt in the North Sea while the southernmost lies in the Bavarian Alps near the Austrian border. Between these two endpoints the climate changes noticeably, which shows in the vegetation.
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