Hohenaschau Castle, Medieval castle in Aschau im Chiemgau, Germany

Schloss Hohenaschau is a castle complex on an oval rock ridge about 50 metres above the Priental valley, built as a continuous two- to three-storey ring of wings from different periods. In the west stands the tall tower beside the inner gate and the Reitertreppe; a lower wing with a red-tiled gable roof and a small domed tower adjoins it. Long white wings with red-shuttered windows run east and downhill, and a round tower with a conical green roof stands at the lower right.

Around 1165 the brothers Konrad and Arnold von Hirnsberg moved their seat from Burg Hirnsberg to the upper Priental and built a palas, tower and ring wall; Castro Aschawe appears in the Codex Falkensteinensis around 1170. The Freiberg barons held it until 1606, and Pankraz von Freyberg had it rebuilt in Renaissance style in 1540. Count Max II von Preysing made Baroque changes between 1672 and 1686, and Theodor von Cramer-Klett bought the decayed complex in 1875; his son converted it into a residence in 1905–08.

The castle's name comes from the Aschauer family, who took it after moving from Hirnsberg around 1165. The Priental Museum, housed in the Benefiziatenhaus and two rooms of the ring castle, holds original pieces such as two cannon, mortars and the executioner's sword of the Hohenaschau lordship. Much of the movable furniture and armoury has been lost.

The castle is owned by the Federal Republic of Germany and serves as a holiday and recreation home for staff of the federal finance administration, so public access is limited. The complex sits on a roughly 50-metre-high rock ridge; the gentler western slope carries the access road and the outer defences of the forecourt. A funicular, the Schloßbergbahn, once ran from a valley station up to the lower floor of the Cavallierbau.

The castle is owned by the Federal Republic of Germany and serves as a holiday and recreation home for employees of the federal finance administration, so public access is limited. The Priental Museum, housed in the benefice house and two rooms of the ring castle, keeps two cannons, mortars and the execution sword of the Hohenaschau lordship.