Mariä Schmerzen, Pilgrimage church in Vilgertshofen, Germany.

Mariä Schmerzen is a Baroque pilgrimage church in Vilgertshofen, built from 1687 and consecrated in 1692. Its ground plan is a Greek cross with rounded arms, the largest four-conch building in Bavaria. The white exterior has a red tiled roof and a south tower with an onion dome and clock; the north tower was never built. Inside, 36 ceiling frescoes and Wessobrunn stucco by Joseph Schmuzer's workshop fill the vaults.

A chapel dedicated to Saint Stephen stood at Vilgertshofen by the 10th century; it was destroyed in the Hungarian invasion of 955 and later rebuilt. Around 1065/70 it passed to Wessobrunn Abbey, which had a church built here in 1281 under Abbot Ulrich III; indulgences granted in 1284 for the anniversary of the consecration gave rise to the pilgrimage. The present Baroque church was begun in 1687 by Johann Schmuzer and consecrated in 1692, with the south tower finished only in 1732 by Joseph Schmuzer.

Since the mid-15th century the church has venerated a late-Gothic carved figure of the Sorrowful Mother, kept in a gilded shell niche of the high altar. Abbot Ulrich III of Wessobrunn obtained indulgences in 1284 for the anniversary of the consecration and the patronal feasts, which started the pilgrimage; it lapsed under the Reformation, revived after the Thirty Years' War, declined after 1803 and was revived again in 1974.

The church stands in the hamlet of Vilgertshofen in the Landsberg am Lech district. The west front has a semicircular porch with three portals; the south tower with its onion dome is the landmark to aim for. Only the south tower was ever completed, so the building is asymmetric. Access may be limited during services.

The church has only one tower: the south tower was finished by Joseph Schmuzer in 1732, while the north tower was never built. The delay came from the War of the Spanish Succession. The ground plan is a Greek cross with rounded arms, making it the largest four-conch building in Bavaria.