Nea Moni of Chios, Byzantine monastery in Chios, Greece.

Nea Moni is an 11th-century monastery complex on Mount Provateio, about 15 km from Chios town. Its katholikon, dedicated to the Dormition of the Virgin, has an octagonal main church with a tall drum and dome, plus an esonarthex and exonarthex. The 17,000 m² walled complex also holds two smaller churches, a trapeza, ruined cells, a cistern and a defensive tower.

Construction began in 1042 when Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos ordered the monastery's founding after three monks discovered an icon of the Virgin Mary on the site. Over the following centuries it developed into a major religious and scholarly center for the eastern Mediterranean region.

The katholikon is dedicated to the Dormition of the Virgin Mary, and the monastery celebrates the feast on 23 August. The three founders, Nikitas, Ioannes and Iosif, are honoured as saints on 20 May, the date of Nikitas's death. A small museum opened in 1992 in a renovated cell northwest of the katholikon, showing artefacts mostly from the later 19th century.

The monastery is located about 15 kilometers from Chios town and welcomes visitors interested in Byzantine architecture and religious art. Wear comfortable shoes since the grounds are uneven and exploring the different buildings requires walking across varied terrain.

The defensive tower served a dual purpose as both a military stronghold and a library storage space for precious manuscripts and books. This combination of protection and scholarship reflects how medieval institutions in the region balanced security needs with intellectual pursuits.