Abbaye Saint-Ménelée, Romanesque abbey in Menat, France.
Abbaye Saint-Ménelée is a Romanesque monastery in the Sioule valley, Puy-de-Dôme. Its abbey church has a carved bell tower, a Romanesque portal and a 13th-century polylobed portal with five lobes. The west gallery of the cloister remains attached to the abbey dwelling, now housing the town hall and a paleontological museum.
Ruined and then rebuilt and reformed at the end of the 7th century by Saint Meneleus, who had fled Anjou to avoid a marriage arranged by his parents, Menat is one of the oldest monastic foundations in Auvergne. It was later attached to Cluny and became a centre of monastic reform, drawing tithes from parishes such as Notre-Dame in Montluçon and Saint-Bonnet in Sussat. It passed into commendam in 1628, was sold as national property during the Revolution, and its church, returned to worship in 1802, became the parish church of Menat.
The 15th-century wall paintings on the museum's first floor include a Roman calendar. At the west entrance, a capital carved with the legend of Saint Meneleus was hollowed out to serve as a baptismal font; it was set into the south wall of the nave, freed in 1992 and moved to the central aisle. Two other capitals from the same Romanesque choir are now in Baltimore and at the Musée Roger-Quilliot.
The abbey church is the parish church of Menat and can be visited; the abbey dwelling now houses the town hall, the media library and the paleontological museum. The museum's collections are managed by the Rhinopolis association with the Bernard Palissy paleontology circle, the National Museum of Natural History in Paris and the Puy-de-Dôme departmental council. The refectory lost its roof and its south wall collapsed in 1987, so that part is seen from outside.
The west turret is a remnant of the monastery's fortification against the routiers who pillaged the countryside. The 13th-century polylobed portal has five lobes and four carved inner orders: two animals on the left, a ram's head emerging from a serpent's mouth on the right, and rosettes for birth, adolescence, maturity and old age.
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