Timna valley, Archaeological site and national park in Southern District, Israel
Timna Valley is a desert expanse covering 60 square kilometers with red sandstone cliffs, natural stone arches, and countless copper mining shafts from antiquity. The landscape bears visible traces of ancient extraction work and displays geological formations shaped over millions of years.
Ancient Egyptians established copper mines here during the 5th millennium BCE and developed extensive underground networks for extracting ore. The region remained a vital source of this valuable material for many centuries across multiple periods of occupation.
Rock carvings scattered throughout show scenes of chariots and hunts left by different peoples over centuries. They offer glimpses into how various cultures lived and worked in this harsh landscape.
A visitor center provides maps for hiking trails and arranges guided tours through ancient mining sites with information about rock formations. Best to explore early in the morning or late afternoon when temperatures are cooler and more comfortable.
Solomon's Pillars rise from the desert floor as towering natural sandstone columns shaped by millions of years of water and wind erosion. These striking formations stand out against the landscape and draw many visitors who come specifically to see their dramatic appearance.
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