Khansharaf Windmill Complex, windmill complex in Nehbandan County, Iranian national heritage site
The Khansharaf Windmill Complex is a group of old mills in the village of Khansharaf near Nehbandan. The structures measure about 57 meters long and 13 meters wide, built from adobe, stone, and wood in the style of Qajar architecture with two working levels inside.
The complex was built during the Qajar dynasty era and used natural wind power to grind grains for local communities. In 1379 by the Iranian calendar, it was officially registered as a national heritage site to preserve its historical significance.
The complex reflects the craftsmanship tradition passed down through generations in this region. These mills show how residents adapted their daily work to the powerful winds that blow here for months each year.
The site is most accessible during drier seasons when the famous 120-day winds are strongest and the area is easier to explore. Guided tours provide helpful explanations of how the mechanical systems worked and how villagers used these mills for grinding grain.
Unlike European mills with vertical axes, these structures rotate on a horizontal axis using a sophisticated guiding vane system. The three-walled design with one wall angled westward channels wind efficiently into the mill, reflecting careful observation of local wind patterns.
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