Sant'Andrea Apostolo, Gothic cathedral in Venzone, Italy
Sant'Andrea Apostolo is a cathedral with Gothic architecture arranged in a Latin cross layout. The building features polygonal apses, three entrance portals, decorative reliefs on the exterior, and an adjacent baptistery chapel next to the main structure.
A small church existed here by the 6th century and was enlarged by Glizoio di Mels in 1251. The present building was rebuilt in the early 14th century to a design by master Giovanni, called Griglio da Gemona, and was consecrated on 2 August 1338 by Patriarch Bertrando di San Genesio. In 1391 Boniface IX raised it to a parish. Destroyed by the 1976 earthquake, it was rebuilt by anastylosis between 1988 and 1995, reusing the original stones.
Inside are 14th-century frescoes: the Consecration of the cathedral, Saint Martin meeting the poor man, and Saint George freeing the princess from the dragon. Above the right portal stands a gilded wooden Lamentation over the Dead Christ of 1530, eight statues in all. A stone Vesperbild from the early 1400s remains in the right apse.
The church stands in the centre of Venzone, a short walk from the town's other monuments. The five mummies are not in the duomo itself but in the crypt of the baptistery of San Michele, so allow time for both buildings. The interior follows a Latin cross with a single nave and a wide transept flanked by two towers.
The mummification was caused by calcium sulphates in the subsoil combined with a strongly water-absorbing fungus, Hypha bombycina, which dried the bodies out quickly. The five mummies now in the crypt of the baptistery of San Michele are studied as evidence of how Friulian inhabitants lived in past centuries.
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