Villa Schneider, Art Nouveau villa in Biella, Italy
Villa Schneider is a two-storey Art Nouveau building on Piazza Lamarmora in Biella, at the corner of Via Micca and Via Gramsci. Its pale rendered facade has a ground-floor portico with three round arches on columns, a stone balustrade above, and rectangular upper windows with grey shutters under a shallow snow-covered roof.
After the armistice of September 8, 1943, German and Italian forces seized the villa and converted it into military police headquarters and an interrogation center. This military use became central to the building's role in the city's wartime history.
The name Villa Schneider comes from Daniele Schneider, the Alsatian industrialist who bought the building in 1919. Since January 2018 the ground floor has housed the Biella provincial committee of ANPI, the National Association of Italian Partisans, which keeps the building as a place of memory of the Nazi-fascist occupation.
The villa stands at Piazza Lamarmora, at the corner of Via Micca and Via Gramsci, a short walk from Biella's historic centre. The ground floor has housed the ANPI provincial committee since January 2018, so visits are arranged with the committee rather than through regular museum hours.
On the upper floor, two Italians, one of them a religious figure, set up Radio Baita, which countered the partisan station Radio Libertà with propaganda and made captured partisans read statements praising their treatment and urging comrades to surrender. At the postwar trial the accused claimed the station had been meant to bring German soldiers and Italian partisans together against the Republic of Salò.
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