Jaskinia Wielka Śnieżna, Cave in Tatra Mountains, Poland
Jaskinia Wielka Śnieżna is a cave system in the Tatra Mountains that stretches nearly 24 kilometers through limestone passages and descends 824 meters into Mount Małołączniak. The passages branch into multiple levels and contain underground streams, waterfalls, and chambers of varying size.
Cavers from Zakopane discovered the first passages in 1959 and reached a depth of 545 meters within a few years, making the system one of the deepest in the world at that time. Further explorations added new sections decade by decade, gradually expanding the known network.
The name translates directly as "Great Snowy Cave," reflecting the frequent snow and ice formations visitors encounter near the entrances during most of the year. Local caving groups maintain a tradition of winter expeditions, working in temperatures that can drop below freezing even in summer months.
The five entrances sit at different elevations between 1672 and 1906 meters (5486 and 6253 feet), allowing visitors to choose an access point based on experience and fitness level. Specialized equipment and caving knowledge are required, as many sections involve narrow passages, steep descents, and flowing water.
Water flows through the entire system and forms underground streams that eventually emerge at Lodowe Źródło spring. This connection shows how mountain rainfall seeps deep underground and later exits as cold spring water.
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