Liskovska jaskyna, National nature monument cave in Ružomberok District, Slovakia
Liskovska jaskyna is an extensive cave system stretching over 3,700 meters through grey and blue veined limestone layers formed in the middle Triassic period. The passages form a multi-level labyrinth with corridors and domes compressed within a relatively small surface footprint.
The cave was systematically excavated in the late 19th century, revealing numerous artifacts from different periods of human occupation. These discoveries made it an important research site for understanding early settlement patterns in the region.
The cave served as a refuge and shelter for people over many centuries, as evidenced by scattered bones and pottery fragments found inside. These remains show how shepherds and hunters used the space for protection and storage.
The cave maintains a constant temperature around 7 degrees Celsius throughout the year, so bring warm clothing regardless of the season. The underground passages feature uneven ground and damp surfaces that require careful footing.
A copper bull figurine dating to around 4000 BC was discovered in the cave, making it the oldest known metal representation of a draft animal in the region. This rare piece offers insight into early metalworking and the importance of livestock in ancient cultures.
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