Usmansky Defensive Wall, 17th-century earthwork fortification in Usmansky District, Lipetsk Oblast, Russia
The Usmansky Defensive Wall is an earth rampart of the Belgorod fortified line in Usmansky District, Lipetsk Oblast. It survives in three sections: between Kulikovo and Nikolskoye, between Nikolskoye and Udarnik, and between Storozhevoye and Novouglyanka. In Nikolskoye the street Chapayeva runs along the top of the rampart. Bridges cross it over the Izlegoshcha and Polevaya Izlegoshcha rivers, and at the dam on the Matryonka the rampart ends.
The Usmansky Wall was raised in 1650 by serving people as part of the Belgorod defensive line. In 1684 a second rampart was added, bringing the height to 5–6 metres. Double abatis stakes were set 6 metres in front of the wall, and all trees were felled and grass burned along its length.
The wall's name, Tatar Wall, recalls the raids it was built to stop. In Nikolskoye, Chapayev Street runs along the top of the rampart, and bridges cross the Izlegoshcha and Polevaya Izlegoshcha rivers. At the dam on the Matryonka River the wall ends.
The wall survives in three sections: between Kulikovo and Nikolskoye, between Nikolskoye and Udarnik, and between Storozhevoye and Novouglyanka. In Nikolskoye, Chapayev Street runs along the top of the rampart. Bridges cross the wall over the Izlegoshcha and Polevaya Izlegoshcha rivers, and at the dam on the Matryonka the rampart ends.
In 1650 double rows of pointed stakes, called nadolby, were set six metres in front of the rampart, and every tree was felled and the grass burned along its line so attackers had no cover. In Nikolskoye the crest now carries Chapayev Street, and bridges cross the Izlegoshcha and Polevaya Izlegoshcha rivers.
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