New Castile, Historic region in central Spain
New Castile encompasses five provinces across central Spain: Ciudad Real, Cuenca, Guadalajara, Madrid, and Toledo. The territory spreads over flat plains, highlands, and varied landscapes ranging from dry plateaus to green valleys.
The territory formed after Christians conquered the medieval Kingdom of Toledo in the 11th century. This expansion shaped the region's economic and cultural development for centuries to come.
The provinces show distinct local traditions, from Madrid's urban customs to rural practices in Castile-La Mancha's farming communities. These differences shape how people celebrate and live today across the territory.
The region divides into the autonomous community of Madrid and Castile-La Mancha, which includes the four remaining provinces. Access to different areas is possible through well-developed road networks and train connections from Madrid.
The Sierra Central forms a natural border between this territory and Old Castile, creating different climate zones. This mountain ridge creates two distinct worlds, each with its own vegetation and weather patterns.
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