Campanile del duomo di Pistoia, Bell tower at Cathedral Square in Pistoia, Italy.
The campanile del duomo di Pistoia is a bell tower standing beside the Cathedral of San Zeno, distinguished by geometric patterns and stone carvings across its exterior walls. The structure combines alternating layers of green serpentine marble and local limestone with decorative arches and columns spanning multiple stories.
Construction began in the 13th century as a modification of an older Lombard structure under the direction of Giovanni Pisano. These works established the Romanesque foundation that was later expanded and refined in subsequent phases.
The bell tower displays multiple construction phases shaped by local artisan traditions, visible in the alternating materials and patterns across its facade. Visitors can observe how the varying decorative layers document the artistic preferences of different periods.
The climb to the top is demanding, involving more than 200 steps through narrow spiral stairs. Reaching the summit requires good physical fitness and sturdy footwear for safe passage.
The tower's crown features swallow-tail crenellations that reflect Ghibelline architectural style and are rarely seen on other Tuscan towers. This distinctive detail creates a recognizable silhouette against the sky.
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