Titan, Natural cave shaft in Peak District, England
The vertical shaft extends 141.5 meters (464 feet) below ground level, forming Britain's deepest natural underground void with continuous rock walls and a permanent water flow through its limestone formation.
Dave Nixon's team discovered the shaft in 1999 after studying documents from 1793 by James Plumtree that described unexplored passages, ending years of research into the area's underground network.
The shaft preserves traces of the region's mining economy, with remnants of lead extraction operations documenting the Peak District's industrial past and the relationship between miners and underground geology across generations.
Entry requires advance booking through authorized groups, British Caving Association membership, technical vertical caving skills, full rope equipment, and escort by experienced guides through a controlled access point near Castleton.
The descent includes an 80-meter (262-foot) free-hanging drop to the Event Horizon ledge, followed by a 60-meter (197-foot) rappel alongside an underground waterfall that thunders through the entire depth.
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