Pateira de Fermentelos, Nature reserve and lake in Fermentelos, Portugal.
Pateira de Fermentelos is a protected wetland and lake spanning about 529 hectares, representing the largest natural lake on the Iberian Peninsula. The water supports diverse aquatic ecosystems with many bird species and native fish populations.
The water body formed in the late 15th century when the Cértima and Águeda rivers overflowed, creating a lasting water reserve. It once served as a private hunting ground of King Manuel I.
Local communities practice the traditional harvest of moliço, aquatic vegetation collected from the water and used as natural fertilizer in regional farming for centuries. This practice connects people directly to the rhythm of the seasons and agricultural needs.
The lake can be reached via well-marked roads from Águeda, and wooden walkways provide close access to the water for birdwatching, fishing, and photography. These paths are open throughout the year and visitors can choose different entry points based on their activities.
In summer months, water hyacinths create floating purple carpets across the surface that are visible from quite a distance. The lake serves as a critical resting point for migratory birds crossing the Iberian Peninsula.
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