Old Jewish Cemetery, Jewish cemetery in Žižkov, Prague, Czech Republic

The Old Jewish Cemetery in Prague-Žižkov, also called the Old Jewish Cemetery on Olšany, lies in Mahlerovy sady (Fibichova Street) beside the Žižkov Television Tower and covers 7,515 m². Its surviving oldest section holds richly carved 18th- and early 19th-century gravestones, including the tomb of Rabbi Ezechiel Landau.

Founded in 1680 as a plague burial ground for Prague's Jewish community, it received about 3,000 dead from the ghetto during a ten-month epidemic. Burials also occurred in 1713–1714, 1742–1743 and 1747–1750. When Joseph II banned burials inside the city in 1787, it became Prague's central Jewish cemetery, expanded in 1787 and 1855; burials ended in June 1890 with the opening of the New Jewish Cemetery in Olšany.

The gravestones display traditional Jewish symbols such as lions, grapes, and stars, representing details about the names and lives of those buried below. Many stones bear Hebrew inscriptions carved into their surfaces, telling stories through both words and images.

The cemetery lies in Mahlerovy sady on Fibichova Street, below the Žižkov television tower, and is reached on foot through the park. It reopened in autumn 2022 after two years of closure; since 2024 it opens Sunday to Thursday 9–16 and Friday 9–14, closed on Saturday.

Due to limited space and religious rules against moving graves, bodies were buried in layers up to twelve deep. This caused the ground level to rise naturally over the centuries, creating the jumbled arrangement of stones visible today.