Oppidum Závist, Celtic archaeological site near Lhota, Czech Republic
Oppidum Závist is the largest Celtic oppidum in the Czech Republic, covering about 118 hectares on Hradiště hill and the opposite Šance hill, 391 metres above the right bank of the Vltava near Zbraslav. Its ramparts, almost 9 km long, enclosed an acropolis with a stone sanctuary of 9 × 10 × 11 metres.
The hill was settled from the Eneolithic and fortified in the Middle Bronze Age. In the early La Tène period around 400 BC it was a major seat with contacts to Greece and Etruria, and around the mid-2nd century BC a Celtic oppidum arose that lasted until after the mid-1st century BC.
The name Závist comes from a forester's lodge below Hradiště hill by a stream once called Zalužanka. The oppidum's acropolis held a Celtic sanctuary measuring 9 × 10 × 11 meters, and the site is now a national cultural monument.
The oppidum lies on Hradiště hill above the Břežanské Valley, with the summit 200 m above the Vltava. The site is unprotected and overgrown; remains of ramparts and the acropolis are visible but the stone structures excavated in the 1970s were backfilled after 2003. Access is on foot via paths from Lhota or Točná; the terrain is steep and uneven.
The asteroid (7440) Závist, discovered in 1995, is named after this hilltop. Excavations also found evidence of a raised acropolis with a stone sanctuary of about 9 by 10 metres, which served as a cult centre beyond the region.
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