Caswell County Courthouse, County courthouse in Yanceyville, North Carolina, United States

The Caswell County Courthouse is a rectangular two-story brick building with a two-level recessed entrance porch and an octagonal cupola topping its stuccoed exterior walls. Inside, the building features elaborate plaster designs with deeply paneled coffers that reflect Victorian institutional design standards.

The Caswell County Courthouse was built between 1858 and 1861 as a two-story stuccoed brick building on an elevated granite block foundation. On May 21, 1870, State Senator John W. Stephens was assassinated by the Ku Klux Klan inside the courthouse. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973 and lies within the Yanceyville Historic District.

The courthouse stands in Yanceyville, the seat of Caswell County, and its name comes from the county it serves. Visitors can see the two-level recessed entrance porch and the octagonal cupola that mark the building from the street. The courthouse is part of the Yanceyville Historic District, listed in 1973.

The courthouse stands on an elevated granite block foundation, reached from the street in Yanceyville's historic district. It is a working county building, so visitors should check with county offices before planning a look inside and follow the rules posted for public buildings.

The courthouse stands within the Yanceyville Historic District, to which it belongs alongside other historic buildings of the town. The Historic American Buildings Survey documented it as No. NC-192, with four photographs, seven measured drawings and three data pages. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.