Maria Island National Park, Nature reserve in Glamorgan-Spring Bay, Australia.

Maria Island National Park is a nature reserve off Tasmania's coast featuring sandy beaches, mountain terrain, and dramatic coastal cliffs. The landscape includes the Painted Cliffs with their distinctive striped patterns created by natural erosion, plus ruins from a former convict settlement.

Lieutenant Governor Arthur set up a penal settlement at Darlington in 1825 for convicts whose crimes were not grave enough for Macquarie Harbour. A second convict era ran from 1842 to 1850 as a probation station, where the Irish nationalist William Smith O'Brien was held. The Commissariat Store (1825) and the penitentiary (1830) survive from the first period.

The island's Aboriginal name is wukaluwikiwayna in palawa kani. The Tyreddeme band of the Oyster Bay tribe travelled regularly to the island, and their traces remain around the bays on either side of McRaes Isthmus. In 1802 the French Baudin expedition met Aboriginal people here; zoologist René Maugé was buried at Point Maugé.

The island is accessible only by ferry from the town of Triabunna; private vehicles are not permitted. Since no shops or services operate on the island, bring all food, water, and supplies you'll need for your visit.

The island's sole settlement, Darlington, has no permanent residents apart from a few park rangers; the convict penitentiary completed in 1828 now accommodates overnight visitors instead of detainees. The Commissariat Store of 1825 serves as the park's reception and visitor centre.