Casa Grande Ruins National Monument

Casa Grande is an archaeological site in the Gila Valley containing the remains of buildings constructed by Hohokam farmers and enclosed by a compound wall. The central four-story structure was built from caliche, a sun-hardened soil and limestone mixture found locally.

The Hohokam built this settlement between 1300 and 1450 as part of a larger network of farms that eventually abandoned the area. The site became a protected monument in 1892, marking one of the first times the nation preserved a prehistoric location.

The Hohokam farming communities created sophisticated irrigation systems that linked settlements across the valley, demonstrating how people worked together to survive in the desert. The way these canals are still visible across the landscape tells us how important shared resources were to their way of life.

The site sits in the Sonora Desert and is open year-round, with a covered steel shelter protecting the main structure. The ground is flat and easy to walk on, but bring water and sun protection as shade is limited throughout the grounds.

The four-story main structure was built from caliche and has survived over 700 years under a modern steel protective canopy added in the 1930s. This metal shelter was a pioneering conservation solution to protect fragile adobe-like structures from harsh desert heat and weather.

Location: Coolidge

Inception: June 22, 1892

Operator: National Park Service

Website: https://nps.gov/cagr

GPS coordinates: 32.99700,-111.53200

Latest update: December 17, 2025 09:37