Fallon, County seat in Churchill County, Nevada.
The city extends across 3.65 square miles (9.45 square kilometers) of Nevada desert terrain, located 60 miles (97 kilometers) east of Reno at 3,960 feet (1,207 meters) elevation.
The settlement began when travelers during the California Gold Rush established a rest point after crossing the Carson River in the mid-nineteenth century. The Carson-Truckee Project and Lahontan Dam later transformed the surrounding territory into irrigated farmland starting in the early twentieth century.
Agriculture defines the local economy, with alfalfa, barley, and cantaloupe production establishing the community as a farming center in western Nevada's desert environment.
Access follows U.S. Route 50 and State Route 95, which connect the area to Reno and other regional destinations. Naval Air Station Fallon lies on the southern outskirts but remains closed to civilian visitors except during special public events.
The downtown Maine Street district received National Register of Historic Places recognition in 2019 for its collection of early twentieth-century commercial structures that document small-town development in the irrigation era.
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