Bandelier Tuff, Volcanic formation in Jemez Mountains, New Mexico
The Bandelier Tuff extends across northern New Mexico, consisting of thick layers of volcanic rock formed from compressed ash and minerals.
Between 1.85 and 1.25 million years ago, three major caldera eruptions in the Jemez Mountains created this extensive ignimbrite formation.
The soft ignimbrite properties of the Bandelier Tuff allowed Ancestral Puebloan people to carve dwellings directly into the rock walls.
The formation contains multiple hiking paths leading through canyons, allowing visitors to examine geological features and ancient dwelling sites.
Scientists have discovered ash particles matching the Tshirege Member composition as far as Utah, indicating the magnitude of prehistoric eruptions.
Location: New Mexico
Elevation above the sea: 2,030 m
Made from material: ignimbrite
GPS coordinates: 35.76389,-106.32194
Latest update: March 3, 2025 02:26
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