Villa Toscana, Gmunden, Historical villa in Gmunden, Austria

Villa Toscana is a castle-villa built between 1870 and 1877 in antique Greek style, a historicist post-classicism, as the summer residence of the widowed Grand Duchess Maria Antonie of Naples-Sicily. Its plan was drawn up by her youngest child, Johann Salvator. The Kleine Villa Toscana, a two-storey Biedermeier house built in 1849 by Christoph von Pittel, consists of two plain houses joined by a single-storey central wing.

Leopold II of Austria-Tuscany, who abdicated as Grand Duke of Tuscany in 1859 and left Florence, began buying plots on the peninsula in 1868 with his wife Maria Antonie of Naples-Sicily; they had summered at the Traunsee since 1866. The villa was built 1870–1877 as the widow's residence, with plans drawn up by 1869 and her youngest son Johann Salvator taking part. Margaret Stonborough-Wittgenstein, sister of Ludwig Wittgenstein, bought it in 1913 and had Rudolf Perco renovate it.

The name comes from the Habsburg-Tuscany family, who settled here after Leopold II abdicated as Grand Duke of Tuscany in 1859 and left Florence. The Kleine Villa Toscana, built by Christoph von Pittel in 1849, housed the Thomas Bernhard Archive from 2001 to December 2014; the archive then moved to Vienna and later to Bernhard's former Gmunden flat.

The villa is used by Toscana Congress for seminars and other events, and a modern congress centre was built onto the complex; the garden front and east wing of the villa were kept. The Kleine Villa Toscana, connected to the main house by a single-storey middle section, was restored in 2001. The 88,000 m² Toscanapark has been protected under Austria's monument law since 1 January 2000.

The villa's design is attributed to Johann Salvator, the youngest of Maria Antonie's ten children; he later disappeared on a sea voyage in 1890 and was declared dead in 1911. The Kleine Villa Toscana, built by Christoph von Pittel in 1849, housed the Thomas-Bernhard-Archiv from 2001 to December 2014.