Fort de Pontisse, Military fortification in Herstal, Belgium.
Fort de Pontisse is a military fortification located in Herstal on elevated ground with thick concrete walls and multiple structures. The complex includes underground spaces that were built as part of a defensive system for the entire valley.
Fort de Pontisse was built between 1881 and 1884 to General Henri Alexis Brialmont's plans, entirely of unreinforced concrete rather than masonry. On 6 August 1914 it was the first Liège fort bombarded by 42 cm German artillery, holding out until 13 August. The Germans reinforced it in 1916, and in May 1940 it surrendered on the 18th after an air attack destroyed its 105 mm turret.
The fort's name comes from the Pontisse area of Herstal. Its four salient corners each carried a retractable 57 mm rapid-fire turret, and the only other retractable turret was the lighthouse. The fort is the only one of the twelve Liège forts without a morgue, and it has no water well because it was built on a shale massif.
The fort is about 7 km northeast of central Liège, between the Fort de Liers and the Fort de Barchon, overlooking the Meuse valley and the Albert Canal. It has been unoccupied since 1993 and is closed in winter as a bat refuge; visits are possible in summer by arrangement. The entrance tunnel leads into a 6 m deep, 8 m wide ditch encircling the fort.
Pontisse is the only Liège fort without a morgue, and because it stands on a shale massif it also has no water well. Its flanking bunker, built to watch the Laveau ravine, served as an alternate exit and air intake instead of the ventilation towers used at the other forts.
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