Kholm Gate, Military gate at Brest Fortress, Belarus
The Kholm Gate is one of the main entrances to Brest Fortress, built in classical style with turrets and a medallion facing the southern branch of the Mukhavets River. The structure displays the defensive features that were typical of military installations from that period.
Built in the 19th century under Russian rule as one of the fortified gatehouses of the Brest Fortress citadel, the gate was originally called "Passage through the Defensive Barracks". It was named after the town of Chełm (Kholm), to which a road led south from the gate. In June 1941, during the Defense of Brest Fortress, its facade was badly damaged but survived relatively intact, and it is one of the two surviving gates along with the Terespol Gate.
The gate is named after Chełm (Kholm in East Slavic), the town to which the road through it led southward. Its original name was simply "Passage through the defensive barracks". Today the gate serves as the emblem of Brest Fortress, and its red brickwork still carries bullet and shell marks from June 1941.
The gate stands on the southern branch of the Mukhavets River and leads onto a bridge across it, so it is reached on foot from the citadel side of the Brest Fortress memorial. The facade with its damaged turrets faces the water and can be seen from the bridge approach.
Only two of the original fortress gates survive to this day, and this one remains largely intact despite wartime damage. This rarity makes it an important example of how the complex once looked when it was fully fortified.
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