City walls of Esslingen, Medieval fortress walls in Esslingen am Neckar, Germany
The City walls of Esslingen are medieval fortifications comprising three connecting walls, a thick tower with a spire, and the Melac House situated on Schönenberg hill. The complex forms a unified defensive system enclosing the historic town center, with multiple entry points and economic buildings that once housed a tavern.
Frederick II granted city rights to Esslingen in 1219, prompting the construction of the first protective walls around the settlement. These early fortifications were later expanded and reinforced to defend the growing town against military threats.
The fortress grounds serve as an open-air cinema during summer months, bringing residents and visitors together for film screenings against medieval walls. This seasonal use transforms the historical space into a gathering place that connects contemporary life with the medieval heritage.
Access to the fortress complex is from the northern side via a bridge connecting the cannon hill and the economic buildings. Wear comfortable shoes as some areas sit on hillsides with uneven ground.
The fortifications successfully repelled Duke Ulrich of Württemberg's assault in 1519 following his capture of neighboring Reutlingen. This successful defense made Esslingen one of the few towns in the region that could withstand the overpowering force.
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