Fort de Joux, Medieval fortress in La Cluse-et-Mijoux, France
Fort de Joux is a fortress built across multiple levels in a narrow valley with stone walls, ditches, and towers. The complex contains prison cells, weapon storage areas, living quarters, and a large central well that descends deep into the rock.
The fortress was built in the 11th century as a simple wooden structure and was reinforced over the centuries by different rulers, including Philip the Good and the military engineer Vauban. It evolved from a border stronghold into a political prison.
The fort served as a prison for political detainees in the 18th century, including figures who opposed slavery and colonialism. Today the site stands as a reminder of their confinement and the struggles they represented.
The fort is best explored on foot since paths are narrow and steep with many stairs throughout the layout. It is recommended to wear comfortable shoes and allow time to navigate the different levels and interconnected areas.
A remarkable well inside descends more than 100 meters into the rock and was critical for water supply during long sieges. This depth made it an exceptional defensive resource for early inhabitants.
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