Phare de Gravelines, Historic lighthouse in Gravelines, France
The Phare de Gravelines is a cylindrical brick tower, 29 metres tall, coated in whitewash and painted with broad black and white diagonal bands that spiral from base to top. It stands in Petit-Fort-Philippe, with the keeper's house at its foot. A black lantern room with glass panes, a gallery railing and a domed cap sits at the summit, reached by 116 steps.
Built in 1843 in brick and coated with whitewash against sea spray, the tower was lit that September with a Fresnel lens burning rapeseed oil. It was repainted with its black spiral in December 1931, damaged in 1945 when German forces removed the lantern dome, restored in 1949, and switched off in 1985 when keeper Maurice Bienaimé retired. Gravelines acquired it in 2004 and it was inscribed as a monument historique on 30 December 2010.
Locals nicknamed the tower "Black and White" after its black spiral was painted on the white brick in December 1931, during the 1931–1932 restoration. The keeper's house stands at the foot of the tower, and the last keeper, Maurice Bienaimé, retired in 1985, when the light went out.
The tower stands in Petit-Fort-Philippe, the hamlet absorbed into Gravelines, with the keeper's house at its foot. Reaching the top means climbing 116 steps. The lighthouse has been out of service since 1985 and belongs to the town of Gravelines since 2004.
The tower survived World War II, but in 1945 its top was cut off and riddled with holes, and German forces removed the lantern dome; it was rebuilt in 1949. Its nickname "Black and White" comes from the spiral painted in December 1931.
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