Gori Fortress, Medieval fortress on rocky hill in Gori, Georgia.
Gori Fortress is a ruined citadel of rough grey-brown stone on a rocky hilltop above Gori. Its walls follow the irregular relief of the plateau: a long crenellated upper wall rises to a tall, narrow stone pillar near its centre, a lower crenellated wall steps down to the left, and a cylindrical tower with vertical battlements projects to the right. A broad terraced rampart with square crenellations descends diagonally below the main walls. The best-preserved section, Tskhra-kara ("Nine-gated"), adjoins the oval citadel on the west, with supplementary walls to the south and east.
Fortifications stood on the hill by the last centuries BCE, but written records first name Gori Fortress in the 13th century. The Ottomans took it in the 16th century; in 1599 King Simon I's men feigned lifting their siege for Lent, then attacked at night to retake it. Kings Rostom (1630s) and Erekle II (1774) gave the citadel its present form, and a Russian grenadier battalion was stationed there after 1801.
The name Goris Tsikhe simply means "Gori Fortress" in Georgian. The best-preserved part, on the west side, is called Tskhra-kara, "the Nine-gated". A ruined church stands in the south-eastern section, and a hall church of the 11th–12th centuries stands in the eastern part of the site.
The fortress walls descend the western slope toward the road, and the Liakhvi river once ran at the foot of the hill before retreating. The best-preserved part, Tskhra-kara, faces west, with supplementary walls to the south and east. A late vaulted gate sits in the middle of the south wall.
The western section called Tskhrakara or Nine-Gates survives as the most intact portion of the site despite numerous sieges and earthquake damage. This area lets visitors see the original gate system with its layered defensive passages still standing today.
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