Church of Sant'Andrea in Barbiana, Rural Catholic church in Barbiana, Vicchio, Italy

The church of Sant'Andrea in Barbiana stands in the hamlet of Barbiana, in the municipality of Vicchio. The present building, consecrated in 1568, replaced an earlier church documented from the early 14th century, which stood on the ridge and was known as Sant'Andrea dei Culvalieri. Inside, the Bizzeri family coat of arms, a rampant dog within a heraldic shield, is still visible on some door jambs.

A church on the site is documented from the early 14th century, when it stood astride the hill and was called Sant'Andrea dei Culvalieri. The present church was consecrated in 1568. The Bizzeri family held the patronage, and their coat of arms, a rampant dog on a heraldic shield, is still visible on some door jambs inside. In 1589 the patronage passed to the Florentine Mensa vescovile.

The church is known for its link to don Lorenzo Milani, the parish priest of Barbiana until 1967, who ran his school here. The students made a glass mosaic, the Santo Scolaro, for the church after learning the technique on a school trip to Germany; it covers a Sacred Heart image in a chapel.

The church stands in the Barbiana hamlet of Vicchio, on the slope below Monte Giovi, reached by a minor road off the Vicchio–Dicomano route. The building is small and the surrounding cemetery where Don Milani is buried lies beside it. Access is arranged with the parish of Vicchio rather than by open visiting hours.

In a chapel of the church stood an image of the Sacred Heart of Jesus that frightened the children, so Don Lorenzo Milani drew a monk-scholar to cover it; the pupils laid glass pieces over his drawing under a glass sheet, creating the mosaic they called the Santo Scolaro.