PEN-eiland, Nature reserve and artificial island in Diemen, Netherlands
PEN-eiland is an artificial island in the IJmeer spanning roughly 80 hectares, with reed marshes in lower areas and willow wetlands on elevated ground. The western side contains a road to IJburg, while the rest remains an open natural space adjacent to Diemen power station.
The island formed during the 1970s when excavated soil from the North Holland Provincial Electricity Company's construction site was piled up above the dikes. Over decades, this dumped material became a foundation for natural growth and vegetation.
The space is managed by Staatsbosbeheer to support the natural growth of plants and wildlife without intensive intervention. Visitors walk through marked paths and observe how the ecosystem developed largely on its own, creating a place where nature takes priority.
The island has marked walking paths and is accessible in good weather conditions, though planning ahead is sensible. Visitors should know the ground can be wet and sturdy footwear is advisable.
The plant life is surprisingly diverse, with species like dewberry, blackcurrant, true valerian, and honeysuckle having established themselves naturally across the island. These botanical combinations form an important ecological link for the wider IJmeer region.
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