Castelo de São Filipe, Military fortress on Monte de São Filipe, Setúbal, Portugal
Forte de São Filipe is a military fortress on a hilltop near Setúbal featuring a six-pointed star design with thick stone walls. The structure has defensive towers and positions overlooking the Sado River and Atlantic Ocean.
The fortress was built between 1582 and 1598 under King Philip I to protect against coastal threats. Two notable architects, Filipe Terzi and Francisco Turriano, led the construction project against the maritime dangers of that time.
The chapel inside shows Portuguese craftsmanship through blue and white tiles showing Saint Philip's life, gilded altars, and images of Mary from the 1700s. Visitors notice these religious artworks while walking through the rooms.
The fortress today operates as a hotel where visitors can explore the ramparts and grounds. The on-site restaurant serves traditional Portuguese food for those staying and visiting the property.
Underground tunnels run beneath the fortress connecting different sections and remain little explored by the public. These hidden passages reveal the sophistication of Renaissance defensive planning.
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