Venus figurines of Mal'ta, Paleolithic ivory sculptures near Lake Baikal, Russia

The Venus figurines of Mal'ta comprise approximately 30 female sculptures carved from mammoth ivory and reindeer antler. These works range from just a few centimeters to around 5 inches (13 centimeters) in height and display remarkable craftsmanship in their execution.

These carvings were discovered between 1956 and 1958 by archaeologists along the Angara River near Lake Baikal. The find provides insight into the artistic activities of people during the Upper Paleolithic period in Siberia.

These figures display facial features rarely seen in European Paleolithic art, such as flat noses and deep-set eyes. They stand apart from contemporary representations found elsewhere.

The collection is held and displayed at the Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg for visitors to view. These objects are small and require close observation to appreciate their detailed craftsmanship.

About half of these figures bear carved patterns that may represent clothing or fur. Their flattened bases suggest they were intentionally designed to stand upright, showing purposeful shaping for display.