Red Basilica

The Red Basilica is a Roman temple complex built with distinctive red brick walls and two circular towers flanking a central rectangular building. Underground chambers and water channels run beneath the structure, integrated into the foundation system.

The complex was built in the 2nd century under Emperor Hadrian as a temple for Egyptian deities. Later, it was converted into a Christian church, marking a major religious shift at the site.

The structure was originally dedicated to the Egyptian god Serapis and later transformed into a Christian church, a shift visible in how the building was repurposed and modified. This conversion reflects how sacred spaces changed their purpose and meaning as beliefs and communities shifted over time.

The site is best explored on foot, and you can see the main features in about an hour by walking around the walls, underground chambers, and water systems. Wear sturdy shoes since some areas are uneven and access to certain underground sections may be restricted.

The complex features an intricate tunnel system that routed water beneath the buildings, likely for religious rituals and structural stability. This underground network demonstrates how Roman engineers used water as a central element of sacred architecture.