Calar Alto, Mountain summit in Sierra de Los Filabres, Spain.
Calar Alto is the highest peak in the Sierra de Los Filabres mountain range in Andalusia, rising to 2,168 meters. An astronomical observatory with large telescopes sits atop the summit and operates as a research facility for studying space.
Researchers selected this summit in the mid-20th century to construct an astronomical observatory at its peak. The facility was established because the elevation and dry climate proved ideal for conducting astronomical observations.
The observatory at this peak has become a meeting point for astronomers from multiple countries who gather to study the sky together. The installation has shaped how locals view the mountain's role in advancing human knowledge.
Access to the peak is via the AL4404 road, which runs through paved but demanding terrain from a nearby town toward a high pass. Visitors should prepare for changing weather conditions at this elevation and bring warm clothing regardless of the season.
The extremely dry air and minimal cloud cover make this location one of the best spots in Europe for observing the sky. The mountain experiences so little light pollution that astronomers can detect details here that remain invisible elsewhere.
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