Tmogvi, Medieval castle in Samtskhe-Javakheti, Georgia.
Tmogvi is a fortress built across three hilltops on a rocky cliff above the Mtkvari River, with walls of varying heights that follow the uneven landscape. The layout and construction adapt to the difficult terrain, creating a structure spread over distinct sections.
The fortress first appears in written records from the 10th century and served to protect trade routes running between the Javakheti Plateau and the Kura River gorge. Its strategic position made it essential for controlling commerce across the region.
The name comes from a Georgian word meaning pagan priests who performed rituals in this region long ago. This connection to ancient spiritual practices shapes how the place is understood and remembered today.
You can reach the site by two routes: a steep footpath or a dirt road starting from a pedestrian bridge near Tmogvi village. Wear sturdy shoes regardless of which path you choose, as both involve uneven ground.
Diggers at the site uncovered a copper coin from the 11th century stamped with the image of Emperor Constantine 9, which now sits in the Georgian National Museum. This discovery reveals unexpected connections to the Byzantine Empire from this remote location.
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