Kaali crater, Impact crater field in Saaremaa Island, Estonia.
The Kaali crater complex consists of nine meteorite impact sites, with the main crater measuring 110 meters in diameter and containing a small lake.
The meteorite struck Earth around 3500 years ago with a force comparable to a nuclear explosion, creating multiple craters across the Estonian landscape.
Archaeological findings reveal a substantial stone wall from the Late Bronze Age encircling the main crater, indicating its role as a ceremonial location.
The crater site includes a dedicated visitor center located 18 kilometers from Kuressaare and 62 kilometers from Kuivastu, accessible by regular local buses.
Researchers discovered an ancient arrowhead in 2023 crafted from the iron of the Kaali meteorite, connecting human craftsmanship with cosmic materials.
Location: Saaremaa Rural Municipality
Part of: Kaali Meteorite Crater Field
Address: Kaali Crater, Kaali, 94143 Saare County, Estonia
GPS coordinates: 58.37278,22.66944
Latest update: May 27, 2025 06:54
Meteorite craters mark locations where asteroids collided with Earth. These geological structures range from 110 meters to 300 kilometers in diameter. They often contain distinct minerals like diamonds, nickel, and copper. Scientists use the craters to study Earth's history and cosmic events.
Estonia features limestone formations, medieval ruins, waterfalls, and protected natural areas. Notable sites include the 36-meter Kõpu Lighthouse from 1531, the submerged Rummu Quarry, and multiple manor houses from the 19th century. Natural attractions include the Kaali meteorite craters, red sandstone formations at Taevaskoda, and various wetland ecosystems. Historic structures range from Orthodox cathedrals to water mills and maritime museums.
These Baltic locations showcase Estonia's authentic nature and culture. From sandstone caves to medieval fortresses, from national parks to historical lighthouses, the country offers many discoveries away from main routes.
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