Palestrina, Ancient hilltop city in Metropolitan City of Rome, Italy
Palestrina is a commune in the Metropolitan City of Rome that spreads over a mountain spur of the Monti Prenestini at around 450 meters elevation. The old town clings to the slope, displaying a pattern of narrow lanes, wide staircases and terraced buildings that climb toward the central square.
The site emerged in the 8th century BC under the name Praeneste and grew into a major Latin center before falling under Roman influence. During the Middle Ages the town passed through several ruling families and later joined the Papal States before becoming part of unified Italy in the 19th century.
The town's name comes from the ancient Latin settlement Praeneste, a heritage reflected in visible traces across the modern streets and squares. The Barberini Palace now houses a museum where visitors encounter mosaics and inscriptions that show how residents honored their gods and marked public life in the ancient world.
A visit is possible in any weather, though dry conditions make walking on the many stairs and cobblestone streets easier. Comfortable footwear is recommended because much of the exploration takes place on foot over uneven ground.
The Temple of Fortuna Primigenia, built in the 2nd century BC, climbs across several artificial terraces and now forms the foundation for much of the old town. Parts of the ancient sanctuary lie directly beneath modern houses and appear in places during a walk through the lanes.
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