Church of the Nativity, Minor basilica in Bethlehem, Palestine
The Church of the Nativity is a minor basilica in Bethlehem, Palestine, built over a grotto believed to be where Jesus was born. The main altar stands directly above the grotto, and below it a silver star marks the traditional birthplace, surrounded by marble panels and a low vaulted chamber.
Emperor Constantine I and his mother Helena commissioned the first church at this site in 339 CE, which was later replaced after a fire during a Samaritan revolt. Emperor Justinian rebuilt the current basilica in the 6th century, preserving parts of the original walls and mosaic floors.
Three Christian denominations share responsibility for different areas of the complex: Greek Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and Armenian Apostolic. Visitors notice this arrangement in the distinct liturgical objects, icons, and design elements that belong to each tradition and coexist peacefully side by side.
The entrance passes through a low doorway called the Door of Humility, which requires all visitors to bend down when entering. The grotto beneath the altar lies on a lower level and is reached by a narrow stone staircase, which may involve waiting during busy periods.
The silver star in the grotto bears a Latin inscription stating "Here Jesus Christ was born to the Virgin Mary" and is surrounded by 15 silver lamps donated by the different denominations. Beneath the floor of the church lie remnants of early Christian mosaics from the 4th century, uncovered during excavations and now partially visible.
The community of curious travelers
AroundUs brings together thousands of curated places, local tips, and hidden gems, enriched daily by 60,000 contributors worldwide.
